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The National Crime Syndicate was the name given by the press to a multi-ethnic American confederation of several crime organizations. Its origins are uncertain. According to writers on organized crime, the Syndicate was an idea of Meyer Lansky〔Howard Abadinsky, ''Organized Crime'', Cengage Learning, 2009, p.115.〕 and was founded or established at a May 1929 conference in Atlantic City, attended by leading underworld figures throughout the United States, including Lansky, Johnny Torrio, Lucky Luciano, Al Capone, Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel, Frank Costello, Joe Adonis, Dutch Schultz, Abner "Longy" Zwillman, Louis "Lepke" Buchalter, Vince Mangano, gambler Frank Erickson, Frank Scalice and Albert "Mad Hatter" Anastasia.〔Carl Sifakis, The Mafia Encyclopedia: second edition'' (Checkmark Books).〕 Others described the Atlantic City meeting as a coordination and strategy conference for bootleggers.〔Dennis Eisenberg, Uri Dan, Eli Landau, ''Meyer Lansky: Mogul of the Mob'' Paddington Press, 1979.〕 According to the findings of the U.S. Senate Special Committee in the 1950s chaired by Estes Kefauver, it was a confederation of mainly Italian and Jewish organized crime groups throughout the United States. The media dubbed the enforcement arm of the Syndicate "Murder, Inc.", a gang of Brooklyn mafiosi who carried out murders in the 1930s and 1940s for various crime bosses. It was headed by Buchalter and Anastasia, who reported to commission members Lepke and Adonis, and included many infamous mobsters. In his 1991 biography of Meyer Lansky, ''Little Man'', journalist Robert Lacey argued that no National Crime Syndicate ever existed. "The idea of a National Crime Syndicate is often confused with the Mafia. Yet they are not the same thing," probably referring to the American Mafia.〔Robert Lacey, ''Little Man: Meyer Lansky and the Gangster Life'', (Little Brown & Co., 1991), pp. 200-207.〕 Although many of its members were imprisoned and some were executed, the demise of the organization is as uncertain as its origins. By the late 1940s, Murder Inc. and most of its non-Italian components were defunct. Some individuals, such as Meyer Lansky, continued to operate as affiliates of Italian groups. == History == (詳細はAbe "Kid Twist" Reles, who reported to Lepke Buchalter and Jacob "Gurrah" Shapiro, and the Italian Ocean Hill Hooligans led by Harry "Happy" Maione, who reported to Albert Anastasia. Bugsy Siegel was involved in many of Murder Incorporated's murders, but as a leading figure instead of a soldier. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「national crime syndicate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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